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This webpage describes the three types of termite, subterranean, drywood and dampwood, and also the most common termite species which are located in infestations around Australia.
Termites are classified into three environmental categories depending on their nesting and feeding habits: dampwood, drywood and subterranean.
Subterranean termites are the most common type of termite that infests wood and are among the most destructive pests. Outdoors wood that is dead is mainly infested by them in contact with the dirt, such as branches, stumps and trees. They prefer wood which has some degree of rust already, which makes it easier for them to digest it, even though they can digest sound wood. .
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Subterranean termites will need to be near a supply of moisture to survive, making their nests in or close to where moisture can be easily acquired by them from the ground. They tunnel to get timber or soil and they tunnel to achieve moisture. .
Dirt is used by the termites as a material to construct shelter tubes and nests, which can be composed of wood soil, faeces and saliva. Some species construct carton nests above ground and build shield tubes (also called sand tubes) to link the nest to the soil.
Foraging is determined by the weather, with action in summer and activity in chilly or conditions after rainfall. In tropical regions they could forage with peaks through wetter conditions.
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Termites live in tiny colonies less than 1000 people inside pieces of timber. There may be tiny colonies within a single piece of wood or item. They can feed across yearly rings as is subterranean termites so that the galleries do not follow the grain of timber, but they tend to avoid heartwood.
Colonies may grow for years undetected until the swarm or the wood breaks. The alates, that would be might not be produced for decades in a colony that was brand new before the population reaches a critical point. Then they leave the nest discover a new site to mate and begin a new colony, usually not and to set up. .
Decayed timber that stays moist because of contact with the soil or through a water flow in a building is normally infested by termites. They are likely to infest timber that's outside, like a tree, stump or logs in contact with the soil.
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Termites live wholly inside the timber that they create open galleries and feed . As with termites, they can infest wood for years until they are found, which is most likely when the alates swarm from a mature colony. Swarming may occur over several months, with different species swarming at times.
They are a sign of a moisture issue if they're observed at a building. They are generally minor pests and can be controlled in structures by removing the source of moisture. In trees that they have a tendency to feed on dead and rotting wood.
Species can be difficult to identify, even to the specialists. Identification is based on the soldiers, which is the caste that has the most distinguishable features.
Of the pest species it click over here is the Coptotermes species that are public enemy number 1 in Australia.
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The soldier's head is and yellow with darker, smooth mandibles. Body is left up to 7 mm long. It's easily confused with two other indigenous Coptotermes species, including C. frenchi and C. lacteus (Victoria Museum)
The soldiers produce a white sticky liquid from an opening (fontanelle) on the front of mind when defending the nest from assault.
Coptotermes species generally do not construct mounds, but in other areas of Australia and Queensland. They stumps, nests in trees, sticks, buried wood around houses under buildings and in walls. Trees for nesting are oaks , various eucalypts and peppercorns. The colony is located in the root crown or the lower part of their trunk.
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Coptotermes acinaciformis have become the termite species in Australia though Mastotermes darwiniensis is the locally across its range in Australia. C. acinaciformis strikes all timber structures and damages forest and ornamental trees in addition to fruit trees.